Anatomy Study Discussion

Learning Goal: I’m working on a anatomy multi-part question and need an explanation and answer to help me learn.

Using the list of content included on the midterm, pick ANY three terms or concepts from below:

To construct your post please provide study tips or details for the 3 terms or concepts you selected.

Integumentary System

1. Label a diagram (cross of the skin): 3 layers
   1. Epidermis
   2. Dermis
   3. Hypodermis
2. Hair/Nails/Glands (accessory organs)
   1. Diagram (hair)
   2. Diagram (nail)
3. Layers of the epidermis (in order)
4. Apocrine glands
5. Merocrine glands
6. Ceruminous glands

Tissue Types:

1. Cellular Junctions (descriptions/diagram)
   1. Tight
   2. Desmosomes
   3. Gap junctions
2. Epithelial Tissue
   1. Squamous
   2. Cuboidal
   3. Columnar
   4. Stratified
   5. Simple
   6. Pseudostratified
3. Muscular Tissue
4. Connective Tissue
   1. Different types of cartilage
5. Characteristics of cell membrane
   1. Plasma membrane
   2. Phospholipid bilayer

Anatomical Position/Planes/Regions:

1. Anterior/Posterior View (all body regions)
2. Levels of organization
   1. Cell/Tissue/Organ/Organ System/Organism
3. Histology
4. Cytology
5. Anatomy
6. Physiology
7. Matching ORGAN SYSTEM=Description
   1. Urinary bladder, ureter, kidneys = urinary system
8. Phases of Mitosis…cellular division
   1. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
9. Serous Membranes
   1. Visceral layer (always the outside layer of the organ)
   2. Parietal layer (lining of the cavity)
   3. Serous fluid (in between the layers, lubrication/reduction of friction)
   4. Pericardium
   5. Pleura
   6. Peritoneal/ium
   7. Dorsal
10. Directional terms
    1. Proximal
    2. Distal
    3. Superior
    4. Inferior

Muscular System: (location/description-what does it do)

1. Sternocleidomastoid
2. Deltoids
3. Pectoral (major/minor)
4. Teres Minor
5. Teres Major
6. Coracobrachialis
7. Latissimus Dorsi
8. Subscapularis
9. Trapezius
10. Anatomy of a skeletal muscle- muscle/fascicle/ myofibril/sarcomere
11. Epimysium/Perimysium/Endomysium
12. Anatomy of a Sarcomere
    1. A band, I band, H zone, M line, Z line
    2. Thick (myosin) and thin (actin) protein filaments
    3. Sliding filament theory (contraction of a muscle)
13. Diagastric
14. Orbicularis oris/occuli
15. Buccinator
16. Platysma
17. Zygomaticus
18. Masseter
19. Biceps brachii
20. Biceps femoris
21. Three types of muscle tissueà smooth, cardiac, and skeletal
22. Occiptofrontalis
23. Temporalis
24. Extra ocular muscles: medial rectus, lateral rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, inferior oblique
25. Muscles of the abdominal wall
26. Muscles of the tongue
27. Antagonists
28. Agonists
29. Synergists
30. Hamstring
31. Quadriceps
32. Rotator cuff
33. Gastrocnemius
34. Soleus
35. Tibialis anterior
36. Depressor labii inferioris

Nervous System:

1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Thalamus
   1. Hypothalamus
   2. Epithalamus
4. Brainstem
   1. Midbrain
   2. Pons
   3. Medulla oblongata
5. Corpus Callosum
6. Association Fibers
7. Neuromuscular Junction (events that take place)
8. Reflex arc
   1. Effector
   2. Stimuli
   3. Receptor
9. Afferent vs. Efferent
10. Anatomy of Neuron
    1. Axon, dendrites, etc.
11. Neuroglia
    1. Ependymal cells
    2. Oligodendrocytes
    3. Satellite Cells
    4. Astrocytes
    5. Microglial
    6. Schwann’s Cells
12. Anatomy of the spinal cord
    1. White matter
    2. Gray matter
    3. Horns
    4. Information transmitted dorsally
    5. Information transmitted anteriorly
13. Tracts (nerve found in the CNS)
    1. Reticulospinal
    2. Vestibulospinal
    3. Spinothalamic
    4. Rubrospinal
    5. Corticospinal
14. Epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium

Skeletal System:

1. Anatomy of a long bone
2. Red marrow
3. Yellow marrow
4. Diaphysis
5. Epiphysis
6. Metaphysis
7. Spongy bone
8. Compact bone
9. Epiphyseal Line
10. Epiphyseal Plate
11. Regions of vertebral column
12. Femur
13. Humerus
14. Atlas and axis
15. Anatomy of a vertebrae
16. Bones of upper limb
17. Bones of lower limb
18. Foramen
19. Sella Turcica
20. Bones of the skull (cranial bones/facial bones)
21. Osteoprogenitor, osteoblast, osteocytes, osteoclast
22. axial vs. Appendicular skeleton
23. pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle
24. scoliosis
25. lordosis
26. kyphosis