apartheid and anti-apartheid ( Reflection Paper)

This is a reflection paper, so everything should be cited from just the readings. No outside source should be used. Write a short paper (750 words) reflecting on the readings. Your reflection should be in 1.5 spacing, Times New Roman font, 12pt. Any author you discuss should be cited with a parenthetical citation with their last name and page number, e.g., (Miller, 2). You do not need a work cited page, as you will only be referencing this week’s readings. Your paper should demonstrate that you have read and thought seriously about the week’s material. In addition to summarizing the arguments in the readings you have chosen to discuss, including your reactions to them, describe their implications in the context of the other readings we’ve done that week and point out their limitations. An effective reflection paper demonstrates knowledge of the assigned readings but may focus on one significant element (theme, argument, issue). You might consider the following questions as you write your paper, but it is not required. 1. What are the readings’ principal arguments or points of view? What are they trying to explain? Are they successful? 2. What is the relationship between the readings? Do they agree? Contradict each other? Do you find one more compelling than the other? Why? 3. What questions remain unanswered once you’ve finished reading this week’s reading? What should have been addressed? The readings I would like you to focus on are a race as common sense, black consciousness, the meaning of solidarity, and the court transcription of nelson Mandela’s article. Please, I want to follow the instructions above to write this reflection paper. Also, the questions below under the readings should be answered. The trick is there should be a connection between the readings; there should be a reflection on the readings, and your voice should be heard about the readings, not just the summary. Deborah Posel, “Race as Common Sense: Racial Classification in Twentieth-Century South Africa,” 44 African Studies Review (2001), Excerpted What does Posel argue about how the apartheid system classified people according to race? How does she trace historically the evolution of thinking about race in South Africa from the colonial era through apartheid? What are the different legal instruments used to define both race and the “separation” between different races that constituted apartheid rule? Steve Biko, “Black Consciousness and the Quest for a True Humanity” from I Write What I Like As the first two pages describe, Steve Biko was a pivotal figure in South Africa. He was the originator and leader of the Black Consciousness Movement and, in his short life, had an astounding effect on the antiapartheid struggle. Biko was killed in police custody in 1977. As you read his essay, consider his descriptions of Black Consciousness and race relations in South Africa. What is Black Consciousness? Hakan Thorn, “The Meaning(s) of Solidarity: Narratives of Anti-Apartheid Activism,” Journal of Southern African Studies (2009) How did a decades-long system of institutionalized, legalized, brutal racism end? As long as there was apartheid, there was an antiapartheid struggle in South Africa. But the antiapartheid movement was very much global and transnational in nature. How does solidarity play a role in this kind of political activism? What does Thorn describe about solidarity narratives? -The Group Areas Act, South Africa History -Court Transcript of the Statement from the Dock of Nelson Mandela, Accused No. 1 (1964) -Sean Jacobs, “The Heart of Whiteness, South Africa Edition,” Afriaqwca Is a Country (2015)